Philosophy 1. Quiz No. 1. January 5, 2005. Name: ________________________________

1. Paley discusses an example in which a very complex watch is constructed so as to produce other watches. In such a case, one might explain the complexity of the ‘child’ watches by appealing to the complexity of the ‘parent’ watch. How does Paley argue against this conclusion to the effect that we still need to appeal to an intelligent designer?
[ ] A. He points out that someone still needs to be there to wind the watch, or otherwise provide the power of movement for it to construct other watches, and this must be God.
[ ] B. He explains how it would be impossible for a watch to be so complex that it could construct another watch unless it was designed by God.
[x] C. He distinguishes two senses in which one thing can be the cause of the complexity of another thing, and claims that though the parent watch is the cause in one sense, it is not the cause in another sense.
[ ] D. Both A and B.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Paley:
[ ] A. Corn (“We might possibly say, but with great latitude of expression, that a stream of water ground corn...”)
[x] B. Looms (“Machines capable of complex productions have been made by men, such as looms that weave cloth more quickly than human hands are able.”)
[ ] C. Oval frames (“Does one man in a million know how oval frames are turned?”)
[ ] D. Metallic nature (“And not less surprised to be informed, that the watch in his hand was nothing more than the result of the laws of metallic nature.”)

3. Aquinas uses the following analogy in order to describe how an intelligent agent is responsible for the goal-directedness of natural bodies. Bodies have their behavior guided by an intelligent agent:
[ ] A. ... as the watch is designed by the watchmaker.
[x] B. ... as the arrow is shot to its mark by the archer.
[ ] C. ... as the child is guided by his father.
[ ] D. ... as the student is instructed by his teacher.

4. Which of the Aquinas’ Five Ways involves an argument for an intelligent designer from the operation of natural bodies:
[ ] A. The First Way.
[ ] B. The Fourth Way.
[ ] C. The First and Second Ways.
[x] D. The Fifth Way.

5. Paley provides two kinds of arguments for an intelligent designer. They are:
[ ] A. An Argument from Analogy and an Argument from First Causes.
[ ] B. An Argument from First Causes and an Argument Ad Absurdum
[ ] C. An Argument Ad Absurdum, and a ‘what other explanation is there?’ argument.
[x] D. An Argument from Analogy, and a ‘what other explanation is there?’ argument.